| Articular cartilage is made up of: |
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Chondrocytes are the cells responsible for the formation of the different components of the extracellular matrix.
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The extracellular matrix gives tissue its special biomechanical characteristics.
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Water provides a "cushion" by reducing the force of impacts in areas of friction and rubbing.
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Proteoglycans are made up of a protein core linked to chains of glycosaminoglycans or mucopolysaccharides.
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The degenerative process begins in joint cartilage and involves all the components of the joint in its development.
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The evolution of cartilage wear occurs in four stages:
1. Cartilage swelling: NO visible clinical or radiological signs (can be seen only under an electronic microscope).
2. Fibrillation: Cartilage begins to wear down.
3. Fissuring: Presence of deep cracks in the cartilage.
4. Ulceration - Eburnation: The subchondral bone of the joint surface is exposed |
